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Orthopedic Pathologies

The routines in the book Thai Acupressure, treat many of the most common orthopedic pathologies that can be treated by a manual therapeutic method. They treat soft tissue ailments such as muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points, muscular weakness, muscle strains, tendinous disorders such as tendinosis, tendonitis and tenosynovitis, ligament sprains, osteoarthritis, neuro-vascular entrapments and neural tensions. The routines cannot treat serious pathologies such as fractures, joint dislocations, orthopedic ailments created by viral or bacterial diseases nor by internal or systemic diseases.  One can study treatment routines based on point combinations at different schools and with different practitioners in Thailand.

Thai acupressure routines may treat some conditions of a pathology but may not treat other conditions and symptoms of the same pathology. A herniated spinal disc for instance will create different conditions depending on the degree of herniation, its location and its direction. The Thai routines may treat some of these conditions very effectively but cannot treat other possible conditions of this same pathology. On the other hand a few different pathologies will be treated by a single one acupressure treatment routine. The routine “Shoulder pain when raising the arm” for instance, is used very effectively in the treatment of several different shoulder pathologies such as subacromial bursitis, calcific tendonitis, rotator cuff tears or tendinosis, shoulder impingement syndrome, and bicipital tendinosis or tenosinovitis.

In the left column of the following table is the list of the 60 Thai treatment routines (that are presented in the book & Video guide) and in the right column a list of the possible underlying pathologies these routines may treat.


  • THAI ROUTINES FOR HEADACHEPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR FACEPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR NECKPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR SHOULDERPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR ARMPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR ELBOWPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR WRISTPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR FINGERSPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR BACKPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR LOWER BACKPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR HIPPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR LEGPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR KNEEPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR ANKLEPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR FOOTPossible underlying pathologies
  • THAI ROUTINES FOR TOESPossible underlying pathologies

Routine 1

Two-sided headache

Muscular contraction headaches
Vascular (congestive) headaches

Routine 2

One-sided headache with dry eyes
and blurred vision (migraine)

Muscular contraction headaches
Vascular (congestive) headaches

Routine 3

Tension headache

Muscular contraction headaches

Routine 4

Temporal pain

Muscular contraction headaches

Routine 5

Mouth distortion (Bell's Palsy)

Facial nerve disorder (Bell's palsy)

Routine 6

Jaw pain (TMJ)

Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJ)

Routine 7

Sprained neck

Muscle strain
Spinal ligament sprain
Hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Herniated nucleus pulposus
Osteoarthritis of the cervical spinal joints (spondylosis)
Cervical facet syndrome
Cervical spinal stenosis
Torticollis (wryneck)
Kyphosis (hunchback)
Forward head posture
Military neck

Routine 8

Stiff neck

Spinal ligament sprain
Hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Herniated nucleus pulposus
Cervical facet syndrome
Osteoarthritis of the cervical spinal joints (spondylosis)
Cervical spinal stenosis
Kyphosis (hunchback)
Forward head posture
Military neck

Routine 9

Neck pain while turning the head 1

Hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Muscle strain
Spinal ligament sprain
Cervical facet syndrome
Osteoarthritis of the cervical spinal joints (spondylosis)

Routine 10

Neck pain while turning the head 2

Hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Kyphosis (hunchback)

Routine 11

Pain at the midpoint of the inner edge
of the shoulder blade

Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Muscle strain
Nonspecific neurovascular entrapments
Kyphosis (hunchback)
Scoliosis

Routine 12

Pain at the lower third of the inner edge
of the shoulder blade

Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Muscle strain
Nonspecific neurovascular entrapments
Kyphosis (hunchback)
Scoliosis

Routine 13

Shoulder pain with additional pain while breathing

Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Nonspecific neurovascular entrapments
Costovertebral joints pain
Kyphosis (hunchback)
Scoliosis

Routine 14

Pain next to the lower medial part of the
shoulder blade with additional pain along the thoracic spine

Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Nonspecific neurovascular entrapments
Scoliosis
Kyphosis (hunchback)

Routine 15

Stiff shoulder with pain when raising the arm

Adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)
Subacromial bursitis
Calcific tendinitis
Rotator cuff tears or tendinosis
Shoulder impingement syndrome
Bicipital tendinosis or tenosinovitis
SLAP lesions (glenoid labrum injuries)
Osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral joint
Acromioclavicular sprain
Post shoulder separation
Post shoulder dislocation or subluxation
Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Nonspecific neurovascular entrapments
Scoliosis
Kyphosis (hunchback)

Routine 16

Shoulder pain when bending the arm behind the back

Adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)
Calcific tendinitis
Shoulder impingement syndrome
Bicipital tendinosis or tenosinovitis
SLAP lesions (glenoid labrum injuries)
Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Nonspecific neurovascular entrapments
Acromioclavicular sprain
Kyphosis (hunchback)

Routine 17

Weak arm

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS)
Non specific neural and/or vascular entrapment
Kyphosis (hunchback)
Muscular hypertonicity
Myofascial trigger points

Routine 18

Heavy arm

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS)
Non specific neural and/or vascular entrapment
Muscular hypertonicity
Myofascial trigger points
Kyphosis (hunchback)

Routine 19

Numb hand

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS)
Non specific neural and/or vascular entrapment
Muscular hypertonicity
Myofascial trigger points
Kyphosis (hunchback)

Routine 20

Pain from the shoulder to the wrist

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS)
Non specific neural and/or vascular entrapment
Kyphosis (hunchback)

Routine 21

Tennis elbow

Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow)
Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Osteoarthritis of the elbow
Non specific tendinosis
Nerve entrapment at the elbow

Routine 22

stiffness with pain when bending
and straightening the arm

Post injury conditions
Non specific tendinosis
Nerve entrapment at the elbow
Osteoarthritis of the elbow
Overworked or fatigued elbow ligaments
Joint inflammation
Post injury condition

Routine 23

Wrist pain at the Little finger line

Tendinosis and tendonitis
Osteoarthritis
Sprain
Hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points

Routine 24

Wrist pain at the Thumb line

Tendinosis and tendonitis
De Quervain's tenosynovitis
Osteoarthritis
Sprain
Hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points

Routine 25

Wrist pain at the Middle finger line

Ganglion cyst
Tendinosis and tendonitis
Extensor tenosynovitis
Osteoarthritis
Sprain
Hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points

Routine 26

Swollen wrist 2

Tendinosis and tendonitis
Extensor tenosynovitis
De Quervain"s tenosynovitis
Osteoarthritis
Sprain

Routine 27

Sprained thumb

Finger sprain
Repetetive overuse finger ligamentous injury

Routine 28

Sprained index finger

Finger sprain
Repetetive overuse finger ligamentous injury

Routine 29

Sprained middle finger

Finger sprain
Repetetive overuse finger ligamentous injury

Routine 30

Sprained ring fingeSprained ring finge

Finger sprain
Repetetive overuse finger ligamentous injury

Routine 31

Sprained little finger

Finger sprain
Repetetive overuse finger ligamentous injury
De Quervain's disease (tenosynovitis)

Routine 32

Middle back pain

Costovertebral joints pain
Nonspecific nerve entrapments.
Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Facet syndrome
Herniated nucleus pulposus (slipped disc)
Muscle strain
Spinal ligament sprain
Scoliosis
Kyphosis (hunchback)

Routine 33

Middle back pain

Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Scoliosis
Kyphosis (hunchback)

Routine 34

Middle back pain with
radiated pain to the back of the leg

Muscle strain
Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Nonspecific nerve entrapments and neural tension
Herniated nucleus pulposus (slipped disc)
Scoliosis
Kyphosis (hunchback)

Routine 35

Lower back pain at the area of L-5 and S-1

Spondylolisis and spondylolisthesis
Lumbar facet syndrome
Herniated nucleus pulposus (slipped disc)
Sacroiliac joint dysfunction
Spinal ligament sprain
Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Structural and postural deviations

Routine 36

Lower back pain at the lumbar vertebrae

Spondylosis and stenosis
Spondylolisis and spondylolisthesis
Lumbar facet syndrome
Herniated nucleus pulposus (slipped disc)
Spinal ligament sprain
Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Structural and postural deviations

Routine 37

Lower back pain with pain at the buttocks

Spondylosis and stenosis
Spondylolisis and spondylolisthesis
Lumbar facet syndrome
Herniated nucleus pulposus (slipped disc)
Cauda equina syndrome
Sciatica and piriformis syndrome
Sacroiliac joint dysfunction
Spinal ligament sprain
Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Structural and postural deviations

Routine 38

Radiation of pain to the leg

Spondylosis and stenosis
Spondylolisis and spondylolisthesis
Lumbar facet syndrome
Herniated nucleus pulposus (slipped disc)
Cauda equina syndrome
Sciatica and piriformis syndrome
Sacroiliac joint dysfunction
Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Structural and postural deviations

Routine 39

Lower back pain when bowing face down

Spondylosis and stenosis
Spondylolisis and spondylolisthesis
Lumbar facet syndrome
Herniated nucleus pulposus (slipped disc)
Sciatica and piriformis syndrome
Sacroiliac joint dysfunction
Spinal ligament sprain
Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Structural and postural deviations

Routine 40

Lower back pain when turning up
and arching backward

Spondylosis and stenosis
Spondylolisis and spondylolisthesis
Lumbar facet syndrome
Herniated nucleus pulposus (slipped disc)
Sciatica and piriformis syndrome
Sacroiliac joint dysfunction
Spinal ligament sprain
Muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Structural and postural deviations

Routine 41

Lower back pain when twisting

Lower back muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points

Routine 42

Hip pain in flexion, abduction and outer rotation

Lumbar pain - referred symptoms
Hip muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Gluteus medius and minimus tendinosis
Trochanteric bursitis
Snapping hip syndrome
Osteoarthritis of the hip
Developmental dysplasia

Routine 43

Hip pain in flexion adduction and inner rotation

Lumbar pain - referred symptoms
Hip muscular hypertonicity and myofascial trigger points
Gluteus medius and minimus tendinosis
Trochanteric bursitis
Snapping hip syndrome
Osteoarthritis of the hip
Developmental dysplasia

Routine 44

Heavy and weak leg

Non specific neural and/or vascular entrapment

Routine 45

Stiff calf muscle and hamstring

Muscular hypertonicity and/or myofascial trigger points in the leg muscles.Muscular hypertonicity and/or myofascial trigger points in the leg muscles.

Routine 46

Pain at the groin

Adductor strains (groin pulls)

Routine 47

Pain at the inner thigh

Adductor strains (groin pulls)

Routine 48

Outer knee pain

Structural and postural deviations
Muscular pathologies
Knee osteoarthritis
Meniscal damage
Iliotibial band friction syndrome
Lateral collateral ligament sprain (LCL)
Common peroneal nerve entrapment

Routine 49

Inner knee pain

Structural and postural deviations
Muscular pathologies
Knee osteoarthritis
Meniscal damage
Medial collateral ligament sprain (MCL)
Anterior cruciate ligament sprain (ACL)

Routine 50

Stiff knee with pain when bending and straightening

Structural and postural deviations
Muscular pathologies
Knee osteoarthritis
Patellar tendinosis (jumpers knee)
Patellofemoral pain syndrome (runners knee)
Prepatellar bursitis (housemaids knee)
Bakers cyst (popliteal cyst)
Posterior cruciate ligament sprain (PCL)
Anterior cruciate ligament sprain (ACL)
Popliteal neurovascular entrapment

Routine 51

Prained outer ankle

Lateral ankle sprain

Routine 52

Sprained and swollen outer ankle

Lateral ankle sprain

Routine 53

Sprained inner ankle

Medial ankle sprain

Routine 54

Pain at the sole of the foot while walking

Tarsal tunnel syndrome
Tendinosis of foot tendons
Muscular weakness of the lower leg accompanied by flatfoot

Routine 55

Stiff Achilles tendon

Achilles tendon disorders
Retrocalcaneal bursitis

Routine 56

Sprained big toe

Sprained big toe

Routine 57

Sprained 2nd toe

Sprained 2nd toe

Routine 58

Sprained 3rd toe

Sprained 3rd toe

Routine 59

Sprained little (5th) toe

Sprained little (5th) toe

Routine 60

Sprained little (5th) toe

Sprained little (5th) toe